What is Capsicum? An ancestral spice, capsicum (peppers) is a diverse and pungent edible fruit from any of the varieties within the Capsicum genus. There is much interest around the world in knowing more about the medicinal benefits of this natural plant food and culinary spice! Many people are familiar with the use of chili peppers in the preparation of spicy meals. What is it that makes the chili pepper spicy, though? the answer is – capsaicin, a water-insoluble derivative of homovanillic acid and also the major active ingredient in capsicum is responsible for the hot and burning sensation to the tongue. With the varieties of chili peppers available, it is important to know that the capsaicin content of each type of chili pepper varies. This natural fruit may be used fresh or dried as a culinary spice, added to teas or taken in capsules to reap its medicinal benefits. Bell peppers (Capsicum annuum) are fruits that belong to the nightshade family. They are related to chili peppers, tomatoes, and breadfruit, all of which are native to Central and South America. Also called sweet peppers or capsicums, bell peppers can be eaten either raw or cooked. Like their close relatives, chili peppers, bell peppers are sometimes dried and powdered. In that case, they are referred to as paprika. They are low in calories and exceptionally rich in vitamin C and other antioxidants, making them an excellent addition to a healthy diet. Bell peppers come in various colors, such as red, yellow and green — which are unripe. Green, unripe peppers have a slightly bitter flavor and are not as sweet as fully ripe ones.
Nutrition facts
Fresh, raw bell peppers are mainly composed of water (92%). The rest is carbs and small amounts of protein and fat. The main nutrients in 3.5 ounces (100 grams) of raw, red bell peppers. * Calories: 31 * Water: 92% * Protein: 1 gram * Carbs: 6 grams * Sugar: 4.2 grams * Fiber: 2.1 grams * Fat: 0.3 grams
Vitamins and minerals
Bell peppers are loaded with various vitamins and minerals. * Vitamin C. One medium-sized red bell pepper provides 169% of the Reference Daily Intake (RDI) for vitamin C, making it one of the richest dietary sources of this essential nutrient.
* Vitamin B6. Pyridoxine is the most common type of vitamin B6, which is a family of nutrients important for the formation of red blood cells. * * Vitamin K1. A form of vitamin K, also known as phylloquinone, K1 is important for blood clotting and bone health. * Potassium. This essential mineral may improve heart health. * Folate. Also known as vitamin B9, folate has a variety of functions in your body. Adequate folate intake is very important during pregnancy. * Vitamin E. A powerful antioxidant, vitamin E is essential for healthy nerves and muscles. The best dietary sources of this fat-soluble vitamin are oils, nuts, seeds, and vegetables. * Vitamin A. Red bell peppers are high in pro-vitamin A (beta carotene), which your body converts into vitamin A.