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Subject preparation: e.g., room temperature, exercise, alcohol or smoking, muscle tension, bladder filling, ambient noise, speech, subject position, etc.

Position of the arm: The balloon should be positioned at the same level as the right atrium when measuring blood pressure. If the upper arm is below the level of the right atrium, the value is high; if the upper arm is above the level of the heart, the value is low.

Difference between right and left upper arm blood pressure: Approximately 20% of people have a difference in blood pressure between the right and left upper arm of >10 mm Hg (called inter-arm blood pressure difference).

Cuff size: A narrow, short cuff requires a higher balloon pressure to block arterial blood flow, resulting in a higher blood pressure; conversely, a wide, long cuff results in a lower blood pressure.

Tightness of the cuff: if it is tied too tightly, the blood pressure measured will be low; if it is tied too loosely, the blood pressure measured will be high; generally, the tightness is appropriate when it can be tucked into 2 fingers.

Other influencing factors: e.g. accuracy of sphygmomanometer, number of measurements, influence of clothing, etc.

When blood pressure is measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer, because each doctor's hearing response speed is different, sometimes there is a large error because the blood pressure reading is not immediately noted at the time of measurement; other doctors often omit some errors and take the whole number, for example, 128 mm Hg, 131 mm Hg, are read as 130 mm Hg. The electronic blood pressure monitor is different, and whatever value is displayed is the value. Some patients are unconsciously nervous in front of the doctor, while at home they are more relaxed and the blood pressure measured is lower, which is the true reflection of blood pressure. The combination of the above reasons gives a feeling that the electronic blood pressure monitor does not match the blood pressure value measured by the doctor, which in turn leaves the impression that the electronic blood pressure monitor is not accurate.

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