Introduction
The baume degree (& ordm; Be) is a way of expressing the concentration of a solution. The degree obtained by immersing a baume hydrometer in the measured solution is called the Baume.
Baume was named after the French chemist Antoine Baume. Bomey was a pharmacy apprentice and a former professor at the Paris School of Pharmacy. He invented the hydrometer, the Baume hydrometer.
Baume hydrometer
There are two kinds: one is called a weight meter, which measures liquids that are heavier than water; Another, called a light meter, measures liquids that are lighter than water. When the baume is measured, the percentage mass concentration of the solution can be conveniently found out from the comparison table in the corresponding chemistry manual. For example, when the baume of concentrated sulfuric acid is 66 ° Be measured at 15 ° C, the mass percentage concentration of sulfuric acid is 98% as shown in the table.
The measurement methods of the baume of different solutions are similar. They all use the specific gravity measurement method. According to the specific gravity measured, look up the table to convert the concentration. Now the wave of different solutions are special table, such as alcohol wave table, salt water wave table, the wave of the United States above, there is determination of the kind of solution baume corresponding to the concentration of the kind of solution, you can directly read, do not need to look up the table.
Conversion method of Baume and specific gravity:
Baume = 144.3-(144.3/ specific gravity); Specific gravity =144.3/(144.3- Baume degree)
For lighter than water: specific gravity =144.3/ (144.3+ Baume)
Baume meter measurement method
1. First estimate the possible range of the measured liquid density value and select a densitometer according to the required accuracy.
2. Wash the densitometer carefully. When you measure the density of the liquid. Hold the main pipe with your hand and place it vertically above the highest cut line.
3. After cleaning, the container should be slowly poured into the liquid to be measured, and keep stirring, so that there is no bubble in the liquid, then put the densitometer. No bubbles shall be attached to the immersed liquid part of the densitometer.
4. Wash and clean the densitometer before use. After immersion in liquid, if the meniscus surface is abnormal, the densitometer should be rewashed.
5. When reading, the densitometer should not contact with the container wall, bottom and agitator. Take the lower mark of the meniscus as standard when reading. For opaque liquids, the meniscus reading method should be used only.