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HEUBACH INTERNATIONAL manufacturer & Exporter of ASTM A276 303 Stainless Steel Round Bar. which are manufactured using superior grade stainless steel. These bars are very durable and carry sturdy construction. Clients use these stainless steel bars in Machined Components,Valves, Machine tools, Pump Shafts, Fasteners, Dairy Equipments and Surgical & Medical Parts.
Stainless steel types 304 and 304L. Type 304 is the most versatile and widely used stainless steel. It is also known as 18/8 from the nominal composition of type 304 being 18% chromium and 8% nickel.
Common stainless steel bar specifications
| ASTM A276: | This specification covers hot or cold finished bar except bars for reforging (see spec. A314). Includes rounds, squares, hexagons, hot rolled or extruded shapes such as angles, flats, channels and commonly used grades of stainless steel, including ‘improved machinability’. Free machining grades such as 303 and 416 are not included (see spec. A582/A582M). |
| ASTM A479M: | This specification covers the same sections as ASTM A276, for use in pressure vessel construction. Also referred to in ASME boiler and pressure vessel code. |
| ASTM A582M: | This specification covers hot or cold finished free-machining stainless steel bar except bars for forging (see spec. A314). Includes rounds, squares and hexagons in the more commonly used types of stainless steels designed for optimum machinability and general corrosion and high temperature service, primarily grades 303 and 416. Stainless steel bars other than the free-machining types are covered in other specifications. |
| ASTM A314: | This specification covers stainless steel billets and bars intended only for forging. |
| ASTM A484M: | This specification covers general requirements that apply to stainless steel wrought bars, shapes, forgings and billets or other semi-finished material (except wire) for forging, under the latest revision of each ASTM specification. |
Types of Stainless Steel Round Bars
Raw Materials are inspected for:
• Physical and chemical properties, material which does not meet the required specification is rejected.
In-Process Inspection in melting process: Samples are checked during melting process and during refining process. Heats are cast only when the required composition is met.
In-process Materials for Bright Bars are inspected for :
• Dimensional properties such as tolerance, lobing, Out-of-roundness, length, straightness
• Inprocess Mechanical Properties such as Tensile, Elongation, Yield, Reduction of Area, Hardness at Core.
• Surface Finish
Finished Goods Inspection for Billets:
• One sample is collected from final product and analysed in spectro & Macro/ Micro Lab.
• One sample from each strand is collected for macro analysis, internal defects and soundness of billets is checked by magnification.
Finished Goods for Bright Bars are inspected :
• Surface Finish
• Final Mechanical Properties
• Mercury Contamination,Macro and Micro Properties,Inter Granular and Corrosion Properties
• Packing,Color Coding,Marking
The quality assurance system is guided by principles that support our unique working culture which incorporates respect, self management, open communication and creativity.
Overview
Stainless steels are primarily used when corrosion or oxidation is a problem. The function that they perform cannot be duplicated by other materials for their cost. Over 50 years ago, it was discovered that a minimum of 12% chromium would impart corrosion and oxidation resistance to steel. Hence the definition “Stainless Steels”, are those ferrous alloys that contain a minimum of 12% chromium for corrosion resistance. This development was the start of a family of alloys which has enabled the advancement and growth of chemical processing and power generating systems upon which our technological society is based.
Subsequently several important sub-categories of stainless steels have been developed. The sub-categories are austenitic, martensitic, ferritic, duplex, precipitation hardening and super alloys.
Austenitic Grades
Austenitic grades are those alloys which are commonly in use for stainless applications. The austenitic grades are not magnetic. The most common austenitic alloys are iron-chromium-nickel steels and are widely known as the 300 series. The austenitic stainless steels, because of their high chromium and nickel content, are the most corrosion resistant of the stainless group providing unusually fine mechanical properties. They cannot be hardened by heat treatment, but can be hardened significantly by cold-working.
Straight Grades
The straight grades of austenitic stainless steel contain a maximum of .08% carbon. There is a misconception that straight grades contain a minimum of .03% carbon, but the spec does not require this. As long as the material meets the physical requirements of straight grade, there is no minimum carbon requirement.
Low Carbon Grades
The “L” grades are used to provide extra corrosion resistance after welding. The letter “L” after a stainless steel type indicates low carbon (as in 304L). The carbon is kept to .03% or under to avoid carbide precipitation. Carbon in steel when heated to temperatures in what is called the critical range (800 degrees F to 1600 degrees F) precipitates out, combines with the chromium and gathers on the grain boundaries. This deprives the steel of the chromium in solution and promotes corrosion adjacent to the grain boundaries. By controlling the amount of carbon, this is minimized. For weldability, the “L” grades are used. You may ask why all stainless steels are not produced as “L” grades. There are a couple of reasons:
§ "L" grades are more expensive
§ Carbon at high temperatures imparts great physical strength
Frequently the mills are buying their raw material in “L” grades, but specifying the physical properties of the straight grade to retain straight grade strength. A case of having your cake and heating it too. This results in the material being dual certified 304/304L; 316/316L, etc.
High Carbon Grades
The “H” grades contain a minimum of .04% carbon and a maximum of .10% carbon and are designated by the letter “H” after the alloy. People ask for “H” grades primarily when the material will be used at extreme temperatures as the higher carbon helps the material retain strength at extreme temperatures.
You may hear the phrase “solution annealing”. This means only that the carbides which may have precipitated (or moved) to the grain boundaries are put back into solution (dispersed) into the matrix of the metal by the annealing process. “L” grades are used where annealing after welding is impractical, such as in the field where pipe and fittings are being welded.
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Type 304 |
The most common of austenitic grades, containing approximately 18% chromium and 8% nickel. It is used for chemical processing equipment, for food, dairy, and beverage industries, for heat exchangers, and for the milder chemicals. |
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Type 316 |
Contains 16% to 18% chromium and 11% to 14% nickel. It also has molybdenum added to the nickel and chrome of the 304. The molybdenum is used to control pit type attack. Type 316 is used in chemical processing, the pulp and paper industry, for food and beverage processing and dispensing and in the more corrosive environments. The molybdenum must be a minimum of 2%. |
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Type 317 |
Contains a higher percentage of molybdenum than 316 for highly corrosive environments. It must have a minimum of 3% “moly”. It is often used in stacks which contain scrubbers. |
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Type 317L |
Restricts maximum carbon content to 0.030% max. and silicon to 0.75% max. for extra corrosion resistance. |
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Type 317LM |
Requires molybdenum content of 4.00% min. |
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Type 317LMN |
Requires molybdenum content of 4.00% min. and nitrogen of .15% min. |
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Type 321 |
These types have been developed for corrosive resistance for repeated intermittent exposure to temperature above 800 degrees F. Type 321 is made by the addition of titanium and Type 347 is made by the addition of tantalum/columbium. These grades are primarily used in the aircraft industry. |
Physical and Chemical Properties of Austenitic Grades
More about the physical and chemical properties of Austenitic Grades of stainless steel can be found HERE.
Martensitic Grades
Martensitic grades were developed in order to provide a group of stainless alloys that would be corrosion resistant and hardenable by heat treating. The martensitic grades are straight chromium steels containing no nickel. They are magnetic and can be hardened by heat treating. The martensitic grades are mainly used where hardness, strength, and wear resistance are required.
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Type 410 |
Basic martensitic grade, containing the lowest alloy content of the three basic stainless steels (304, 430, and 410). Low cost, general purpose, heat treatable stainless steel. Used widely where corrosion is not severe (air, water, some chemicals, and food acids. Typical applications include highly stressed parts needing the combination of strength and corrosion resistance such as fasteners. |
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Type 410S |
Contains lower carbon than Type 410, offers improved weldability but lower hardenability. Type 410S is a general purpose corrosion and heat resisting chromium steel recommended for corrosion resisting applications. |
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Type 414 |
Has nickel added (2%) for improved corrosion resistance. Typical applications include springs and cutlery. |
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Type 416 |
Contains added phosphorus and sulphur for improved machinability. Typical applications include screw machine parts. |
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Type 420 |
Contains increased carbon to improve mechanical properties. Typical applications include surgical instruments. |
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Type 431 |
Contains increased chromium for greater corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. Typical applications include high strength parts such as valves and pumps. |
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Type 440 |
Further increases chromium and carbon to improve toughness and corrosion resistance. Typical applications include instruments. |
Ferritic Grades
Ferritic grades have been developed to provide a group of stainless steel to resist corrosion and oxidation, while being highly resistant to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are magnetic but cannot be hardened or strengthened by heat treatment. They can be cold worked and softened by annealing.
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Type 430 |
The basic ferritic grade, with a little less corrosion resistance than Type 304. This type combines high resistance to such corrosives as nitric acid, sulfur gases, and many organic and food acids. |
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Type 405 |
Has lower chromium and added aluminum to prevent hardening when cooled from high temperatures. Typical applications include heat exchangers. |
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Type 409 |
Contains the lowest chromium content of all stainless steels and is also the least expensive. Originally designed for muffler stock and also used for exterior parts in non-critical corrosive environments. |
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Type 434 |
Has molybdenum added for improved corrosion resistance. Typical applications include automotive trim and fasteners. |
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Type 436 |
Type 436 has columbium added for corrosion and heat resistance. Typical applications include deep-drawn parts. |
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Type 442 |
Has increased chromium to improve scaling resistance. Typical applications include furnace and heater parts. |
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Type 446 |
Contains even more chromium added to further improve corrosion and scaling resistance at high temperatures. Especially good for oxidation resistance in sulfuric atmospheres. |
HEUBACH INTERNATIONAL is an ISO 9001:2015 Certified company, is Supplier, Stockiest, Importer & Exporter Of INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIALS Products In India.
HEUBACH INTERNATIONAL Is Fully Certified To Accept Government Contracts And Work With Government Sourced Contractors. We Are Approved Vendors Of Multinational Companies Including Government Sector & Public Sector.
HEUBACH INTERNATIONAL is one of the Leading Exporter and supplier and Offers Products High-Nickel Alloys, High-Performance Alloys And Stainless Steels, Used For The Difficult Jobs In Engineering. These Alloys Are Highly Engineered To Offer A Superior Combination Of Heat Resistance, High-Temperature Corrosion Resistance, Toughness And Strength And Are Used In The World's Most Technically Demanding Industries And Applications.
HEUBACH INTERNATIONAL Offering Extensive Inventories In Heat Resistant, Corrosion Resistant, And High Temperature Alloys. We Supply Advanced Materials That Are Efficient, Long Lasting And Recyclable.
HEUBACH INTERNATIONAL Products Includes Super Alloys In Plate, Sheet, Bar, Pipe, Tube, Fittings & Flanges As Per Any Requirement Your Company Needs.
HEUBACH INTERNATIONAL is motivated by the goal of becoming an industrial leader in terms of quality and delivery, and is presently re-engineering its business process for diversifying its product range to cater to a wider range of customers.
We Would Also Like To Provide You Our Products Details In Which We Deal In:-
1) Stainless Steel Sheets, Plates, Coils, Pipes, Tubes, Flats, Circle, Round, Plates, Rods, Pipe Fittings ;Fasteners In All Grade And Sizes.
2) Inconel Sheets, Plates, Coils, Pipes, Tubes, Flats, Circle, Round, Plates, Rods, Pipe Fittings Fasteners; In All Grade And Sizes.
3) Hastelloy Sheets, Plates, Coils, Pipes, Tubes, Flats, Circle, Round, Plates, Rods, Pipe Fittings Fasteners; In All Grade And Sizes.
4) Monel Sheets, Plates, Coils, Pipes, Tubes, Flats, Circle, Round, Plates, Rods, Pipe Fittings Fasteners; In All Grade And Sizes.
5) Titanium Sheets, Plates, Coils, Pipes, Tubes, Flats, Circle, Round, Plates, Rods, Pipe Fittings Fasteners; In All Grade And Sizes.
6) Copper Nickel Sheets, Plates, Coils, Pipes, Tubes, Flats, Circle, Round, Plates, Rods, Pipe Fittings Fasteners ;In All Grade And Sizes.
7) Duplex Stainless Steel Sheets, Plates, Coils, Pipes, Tubes, Flats, Circle, Round Plates, Rods, Pipe Fittings Fasteners; In All Grade And Sizes.
8) Super Duplex Stainless Steel Sheets, Plates, Coils, Pipes, Tubes, Flats, Circle, Round Plates, Rods, Pipe Fittings Fasteners; In All Grade And Sizes.
9) Alloy Steel Sheets, Plates, Coils, Pipes, Tubes, Flats, Circle, Round Plates, Rods, Pipe Fittings Fasteners In All Grade And Sizes.
10) Refractory Anchors - V Shape, Y Shape And Crook Anchors But As Per Clients Drawings And Requirements In Stainless Steel: Grades 304, 316, 310, 321,330, Incoloy 800, Inconel 600.
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