Colloidal gold is negatively charged in a weak alkaline environment and can form a firm bond with the positively charged groups of protein molecules. Since this bond is electrostatic, it does not affect the biological properties of the protein. In addition to binding to proteins, colloidal gold can also bind to many other biological macromolecules, such as SPA, PHA, ConA and so on. According to some physical properties of colloidal gold, such as high electron density, particle size, shape and color response, coupled with the immune and biological properties of the conjugate, colloidal gold is widely used in immunology, histology, pathology and cells Biology and other fields. Colloidal gold labeling is essentially a coating process in which polymers such as proteins are adsorbed onto the surface of colloidal gold particles. The adsorption mechanism may be the negative charge on the surface of the colloidal gold particles, which forms a firm bond with the positively charged groups of the protein due to electrostatic adsorption. The reduction method can be used to conveniently prepare colloidal gold particles of various sizes, that is, different colors, from chloroauric acid. This spherical particle has a strong adsorption function for protein, and can bind non-covalently with Staphylococcus A protein, immunoglobulin, toxin, glycoprotein, enzyme, antibiotic, hormone, bovine serum albumin polypeptide conjugate, etc. Therefore, it becomes a very useful tool in basic research and clinical trials. Immunogold labelling technique (Immunogold labelling technique) mainly takes advantage of the high electron density of gold particles. At the junction of gold-labeled protein, dark brown particles can be seen under the microscope. When these labels aggregate in large amounts at the corresponding ligands, Red or pink spots are visible to the naked eye, so it is used in qualitative or semi-quantitative rapid immunoassay methods. This reaction can also be amplified by the deposition of silver particles, which is called immunogold-silver staining.