Classification of pumps:
The first is divided into three categories: according to the working principle:
1. Vane pump
Vane pump can be divided into centrifugal pump, mixed flow pump, axial flow pump, vortex pump.
Centrifugal pump can be divided into single stage pump and multistage pump.
Single stage pump can be divided into: single suction pump, double suction pump, self-priming pump, non self-priming pump, etc.
The multistage pump can be divided into: segment type and vortex shell type.
The mixed flow pump can be divided into two types: vortex shell type and guide vane type.
Axial flow pump can be divided into fixed blades and adjustable blades.
The vortex pump can also be divided into single suction pump, double suction pump, self-priming pump, non self-priming pump, etc.
2. Positive displacement pump
The positive displacement pump can be divided into reciprocating pump and rotor pump.
The positive displacement pump relies on the working elements to reciprocating or rotate in the pump cylinder, which makes the working volume increase and decrease alternately, so as to realize the liquid suction and discharge. The positive displacement pump with working elements for reciprocating motion is called reciprocating pump, and the rotary pump is used for rotary motion.
The former is alternately carried out in the same pump cylinder, and controlled by the suction valve and the discharge valve; The latter is forced to transfer liquid from suction side to discharge side by rotating action of working elements such as gear, screw, blade rotor or slide.
The flow rate of positive displacement pump is certain at a certain speed or reciprocating times, which hardly changes with the pressure; The flow and pressure of reciprocating pump have great pulsation, so corresponding measures should be taken to reduce the pulsation; Generally, there is no pulsation or only small pulsation of rotary pump; It has self-priming capacity, and the air in the pipeline can be removed after the pump is started; When starting the pump, the valve of discharge pipe must be fully opened; Reciprocating pump is suitable for high pressure and small flow; The rotary pump is suitable for medium and small flow and high pressure; Reciprocating pumps are suitable for the delivery of clean liquid or gas-liquid mixtures. Overall, the efficiency of the positive displacement pump is higher than that of the power pump.
3. Jet pump
The energy of the injected fluid is increased by the high-speed jet produced by the working fluid, and then through momentum exchange.
The power pump transfers mechanical energy to liquid by the force of the impeller which rotates rapidly to increase its kinetic energy and pressure energy. Then, through the pump cylinder, most of the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy to realize the transportation. Power pump is also known as impeller pump or vane pump. Centrifugal pump is the most common power pump.
The lift produced by the power pump at a certain speed has a limit value, and the lift varies with the flow rate; Stable
operation, continuous transportation, no pulsation of flow and pressure; Generally, there is no self-priming capacity, so it is
necessary to fill the pump with liquid or pump the pipeline into vacuum before it can start to work; Wide range of applicable performance; It is suitable for transporting clean liquid with small viscosity. Specially designed pump can transport mud, sewage and other solid materials. The power pump is mainly used for water supply, drainage, irrigation, process liquid transportation, power station energy storage, hydraulic transmission and ship jet propulsion.
4. Other classification of pumps
Besides the classification according to the working principle, the pump can be classified and named according to other methods. For example, according to the driving method, it can be divided into electric pump, turbine pump, diesel engine pump and water turbine pump; According to the structure, it can be divided into single stage pump and multistage pump; According to the use, it can be divided into boiler feed pump and metering pump; According to the nature of the liquid, it can be divided into water pump, oil pump and mud pump.
The pump can also be divided into the following according to the pump shaft position:
1) Vertical pump
2) Horizontal pump
According to the number of suction ports, it is divided into:
1) ) single suction pump
2) Double suction pump
According to the original motive of the driving pump, it can be divided into:
1. electric pump
2. turbine pump
3. diesel pump
4. water pump