In power transmission, belts are flexible loops of material that can link two rotating shafts mechanically and transmit power between them. Belts are also the primary component in belt drives, where one or more continuous belts are fitted over two pulleys at two shafts and rotary motion is transferred from the driving pulley to the driven pulley.
As compared to chain drives and gear drives, belt drives run quietly and smoothly and do not need lubrication. Maintenance is also comparatively convenient, and the driven shaft speed can be easily altered by changing pulley sizes. The most common types of belts are V-belts and timing belts. V-belts are the most common type of belt today, and as their name suggests, their cross-sectional shape comes in the form of a “V”. Generally endless, the “V” cross-sections of these belts lodge in the mating grooves of their corresponding V-belt pulleys, preventing slipping due to under-tensioning. In general, V-belts require less width and tension compared to flat belts.