Hakama are a type of traditional Japanese clothing. They were originally worn only by men, but today they are worn by both sexes.
Hakama are tied at the waist and fall approximately to the ankles. Hakama are worn over a kimono(hakamashita).
There are two types of hakama, divided umanori, literally horse-riding hakama) and undivided andon bakama, lit., lantern hakama).
The umanori type have divided legs, similar to trousers. Both these types appear similar. A "mountain" or "field" type of umanori
hakama was traditionally worn by field or forest workers. They are looser in the waist and narrower in the leg.
Hakama are secured by four straps (himo): two longer himo attached on either side of the front of the garment, and two shorterhimo
attached on either side of the rear. The rear of the garment has a rigid trapezoidal section, called a koshi-ita. Below that on
the inside is a hakama-dome (a spoon-shaped component sometimes referred to as a hera) which is tucked into the obi or himo at the
rear, and helps to keep the hakama in place.
Hakama have seven deep pleats, two on the back and five on the front. The pleats are said to represent the seven virtues
ofbushido, considered essential to the samurai way. Although they appear balanced, the arrangement of the front pleats (three to
the right, two to the left) is asymmetrical, and as such is an example of asymmetry in Japanese aesthetics.